- Pumpkin Team
- 1 hour ago
- 6 min read
Key Points
Dogs with bloat may show symptoms such as a swollen abdomen, restlessness, and unproductive vomiting. Learning to spot these signs early can lead to faster treatment.
If you suspect your dog is experiencing bloat, act quickly by contacting a veterinarian immediately.
Implement preventative measures, including monitoring your dog’s eating habits and activity after meals, to reduce the risk of bloat.
Explore pet insurance options to ensure you’re financially prepared for unexpected medical emergencies.
We prepare for a lot as dog owners — training, veterinary visits, daily care. But how ready are we for unexpected illnesses, especially when they’re life-threatening? Bloat, or gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV), is one such condition, and it can be fatal if not treated quickly.
Regardless of your experience with dogs, being informed about bloat is crucial for protecting your pet’s health. Let's explore bloat in dogs in detail and uncover what you can do to protect your beloved companion.
What is bloat in dogs?
At its core, bloat happens when a dog’s stomach fills with gas, fluid, or food. This expansion can block the stomach’s contents from exiting and may even prevent the release of gas. The condition becomes fatal when the stomach twists (a condition known as volvulus) and cuts off blood flow to vital organs.
Bloat requires immediate veterinary care. Without intervention, the condition can lead to severe shock or death in as little as two hours. The good news? If caught early, up to 80% of dogs survive with treatment.
What causes bloat in dogs?
Bloat in dogs can be caused by a variety of factors, many of which are related to the build-up of gas, liquid, or food in the stomach. Eating too quickly or consuming large meals can result in excessive swallowing of air, which increases the likelihood of gas accumulation. Similarly, drinking large amounts of water immediately after eating can add to the problem. Physical activity or excitement following a meal may exacerbate the condition by disrupting the normal movement of food and gas through the digestive system.
Anatomical or physiological factors, such as abnormal stretching or relaxation of the stomach muscles, can also contribute to the development of bloat. Additional potential triggers include stress and anxiety, as they may interfere with normal digestive processes.
While the exact cause is not always identified, bloat often occurs when these factors combine and lead to a dangerous buildup of pressure in the stomach.
Which dogs are prone to bloat?
While any dog can develop bloat, it’s more common in certain breeds and physical builds. Large and giant breeds with deep, narrow chests are particularly vulnerable.
Large and giant breeds
Medium breeds
Gender, genetics, and age also play a role. Male dogs are twice as likely to develop bloat compared to females, and the risk increases as dogs age (particularly after 6-9 years old).
A family history of bloat may also increase a dog’s susceptibility.
Symptoms of bloat in dogs
Bloat in dogs is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate attention. Dogs suffering from bloat may exhibit behavioral signs such as restlessness or agitation due to discomfort.
Visible signs may include:
Swollen or enlarged abdomen
Restlessness or pacing
Retching or dry heaving (vomiting without producing anything)
Excessive drooling
Signs of pain or discomfort when touched
Rapid or labored breathing
Collapse or lethargy
Time is critical when it comes to a dog showing signs of being sick, so if you observe these symptoms, seek emergency veterinary care without delay.
How to treat bloat in dogs
Bloat treatment often depends on how advanced the condition is when it’s diagnosed.
Initial stabilization
During initial stabilization, the veterinarian focuses on addressing shock and relieving pressure on the dog’s stomach. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through physical examination and abdominal X-rays to detect abnormal gas buildup.
(X-ray of the dog on Lateral side present gas inside stomach.)
Once identified, pain medication and intravenous fluids are administered to stabilize the dog’s condition and manage discomfort.
Stomach decompression
A veterinarian may perform stomach decompression using a tube passed through the mouth into the stomach to relieve pressure and remove gas or liquid buildup.
If the tube cannot pass due to a twisted stomach (volvulus), a needle or catheter may be inserted directly into the stomach through the abdominal wall to release trapped air and stabilize the patient.
Emergency surgery
In severe cases — especially when volvulus is present — emergency surgery is required. The surgeon will untwist the stomach, remove any damaged tissue, and perform a gastropexy, a procedure that attaches the stomach to the abdominal wall to prevent future episodes of bloat.
How to prevent bloat in dogs
Preventing bloat in dogs primarily involves managing their diet, lifestyle, and monitoring their behavior. Feeding smaller, more frequent meals rather than one large meal a day can help reduce the risk. Further, avoid exercise or vigorous activity immediately before and after meals, as this can contribute to the accumulation of gas and stomach twisting.
Make sure your dog has access to fresh water throughout the day, but discourage rapid drinking, especially after meals.
Choose a high-quality dog food with minimal fermentation in the gut, and avoid foods that are overly fatty. Raised food bowls, contrary to popular belief, may increase the likelihood of bloat and should generally be avoided unless otherwise recommended by a veterinarian.
Monitoring your dog for signs of stress or anxiety is also critical to prevent them from swallowing excess air. For high-risk breeds, consult with your veterinarian about preventative surgeries like gastropexy, which can significantly lower the risk of stomach twisting.
Does pet insurance cover gastropexy in dogs?
Pet insurance coverage for bloat in dogs varies depending on the provider and the specific policy. Many comprehensive pet insurance plans cover emergency treatments, such as those required for bloat, as long as the condition is not pre-existing. Review the policy details carefully to ensure that diagnostic tests, surgical interventions like gastropexy, and follow-up care are included.
To find coverage that protects against bloat, look for providers offering accident and illness plans with extensive coverage options. Some insurers may offer add-ons for preventative surgeries, ideal for high-risk breeds. When comparing policies, clock waiting periods, exclusions, and reimbursement options. Consulting with your veterinarian about your dog’s risks and needs can also help you choose the most suitable insurance plan to protect your pet from the potentially life-threatening impacts of bloat.
Protect your pet
Bloat in dogs is a serious condition, but with the right awareness, swift action, and preventative care, it can be managed, and even avoided. If you’ve been thinking about pet insurance, take the next step in safeguarding your pup’s health with Pumpkin Pet Insurance.
Learn how we can help cover life’s surprises and fetch your free quote today!
FAQs
What are the early signs of bloat in dogs?
Early signs of bloat in dogs include a distended or hard abdomen, excessive drooling, restlessness, pacing, and unsuccessful attempts to vomit. Your dog may also appear visibly uncomfortable, experience rapid breathing, or show signs of anxiety. If you aren’t sure, give your veterinarian a call to discuss symptoms.
Does exercise before or after meals contribute to bloat?
Exercising shortly before or after meals can increase the risk of a dog having gastrointestinal issues, and physical activity immediately after eating may cause the stomach to twist or distend. It is recommended to allow your dog to rest for at least one to two hours after meals before vigorous exercise.
Can small dogs get bloat?
While bloat is more common in large, deep-chested breeds, small dogs can get it too, especially if they eat too fast or consume large meals. Careful monitoring of feeding habits and recognizing early signs are essential to prevent and treat bloat effectively in smaller dogs.
How much does bloat surgery cost?
Bloat surgery and treatment can be quite expensive, typically ranging from $1,500 to $7,500 or more, depending on the severity of the condition and the location. These costs usually include diagnostic tests, emergency surgery, hospitalization, medications, and post-operative care. Pet insurance or a financial plan can help manage these significant expenses and ensure prompt treatment.
